Forgiveness, guilt, and shame in alcohol dependence: A comparative study in a Turkish sample

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to compare individuals with and without alcohol dependence in terms forgiveness, shame, guilt. A further investigate association shame guilt dependence.
 Methods: Fifty-five 55 (based on ICD-10 criteria) were compared using Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Trait Shame Guilt (TSGS).
 Results: Individuals showed a significantly lower level self-forgiveness, pride higher both than non-alcohol dependent group univariate analysis. However, only related presence multivariate Self-forgiveness negatively correlated alcohol-dependent individuals, but not among use problems.
 Conclusions: findings this support importance self-conscious emotions dependence, together self-forgiveness. These psychological states should be considered treatment dependence.